Aluminum alloy material application prospects in the field of warships

First, the advantages of aluminum alloys for ships:

1, can reduce the weight of the ship, increase the speed, reduce fuel consumption, can improve the length-width ratio of the ship, increase stability;

2, good corrosion resistance, can increase the life of the ship;

3, the processing of good formability, easy to cut, stamping, cold bending, forming and cutting and other forms of processing, suitable for the streamline of the hull;

4, the welding performance of a small elastic modulus, the ability to absorb shock stress, a greater safety;

5. Easy accessibility and recyclability of materials;

6, good low temperature performance, suitable for low temperature equipment.

Second, the specific application of aluminum alloys for ships

The United States aircraft carrier "Enterpreis" aircraft deck and aircraft runways are all aluminum alloy manufacturing torpedo speedboat

All-aluminum Torpedo Yacht

Third, the development of foreign ship aluminum alloy

The application of aluminum alloys in the shipbuilding industry has been more than 100 years old, especially in recent years, aluminum alloys have been applied in various types of ships. The United States, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the former Soviet Union have already used aluminum alloys as one of the main materials for ship structures.

At present, there are more than 100 companies in Japan that are building aluminum alloy high-speed vessels, passenger vessels and fishing boats. The total number of aluminum alloy vessels has exceeded 2,500, and more than 2,000 ships of various types have been constructed using aluminum alloys in the United States. Northern Europe, France, and Australia About 1,000 ships such as aluminum alloy passenger ships and scientific survey ships have been built.

In terms of composition serialization in foreign countries, it has reached a high level, and the available alloys have been serialized. There are also several kinds of the same alloy available for selection. The varieties are matched and specifications are complete, and in particular they are used in a large number to adapt to the characteristics of the ship structure. Profiles and siding have greatly reduced the amount of welding work and at the same time ensured the quality of shipbuilding. Foreign countries have now established a more comprehensive system and theory, methods and techniques for aluminum alloys for ships.

1. In 1966-1971, the United States built the first batch of 14 "Ashville" class high-speed gunboats on the main deck and used 12.7mm thick 5086-H32 aluminum alloy. The whole boat shared 71 tons of aluminum materials and all use argon arc welding. .

Features: TIG and MIG welding connections are used.

Advantages: Prevent loosening and seepage of rivets, solve contact corrosion problems, increase connection strength by 10% to 20%, and reduce weight by 20% to 30%.

2. In 1970, Japan built a large-scale aluminum alloy ship “Shihoku” No. 2, which is 45 meters long, 7.8 meters wide, 3.9 meters deep, and has a draft of 1.25 meters. The hull main body material is A5083 aluminum alloy, and the A5083-H32 is used for the outer plate, deck and partition board. The construction of this ship marks the development of aluminum alloy ships that are becoming larger and faster.

In the 1980s, the Soviet Union used AMr6, AMr6-1 and other alloys in the former Soviet Union. The developed AMr6 alloy is a high-magnesium aluminum-magnesium alloy, and the strength can reach σP0.2≥165Ma σb≥325Ma. The United States generally adopts 5083 and 5446. And other alloys.

IV. Overview of Development of Aluminum Alloys for Ships in China

After more than 60 years of hard work, our aluminum alloys for warships have undergone stages of introduction, imitation, and independent research and development, and have been successfully applied to ships and other equipment and various types of high-performance civilian vessels.

Introduce imitation:

In the mid-1950s, Soviet hard aluminum alloys were used to build superstructures such as large submarines.

In 1959, the first use of Soviet hard aluminum alloy built a Yangtze River hydrofoil passenger boat riveted hull;

From 1962 to 1966, the small yacht developed by the Hudong Shipyard used the riveted hull and superstructure of domestically produced LYI2 hard aluminum alloy plates for the first time.

Independently developed:

In the early 1980s, Luoyang 725 Research Institute developed a new type of casting aluminum alloy ZL115, which is an Al2Si2Mg2Zn series and was developed on the basis of Al2Si2Mg2Cu series casting aluminum alloy ZL105. The improved high quality alloy ZL115A has been listed in the CB1195288 boat and has been applied in special products.

In the 1980s, China's successfully developed corrosion-resistant, weldable marine aluminum alloy LF16 (5A01), LF15, its performance indicators have reached and exceeded the index of similar foreign products, have been included in the national military standards, is China's aluminum alloy welding ship construction Recommended materials;

In 1982, the 725 Institute cooperated with Northeast Light Alloy and Southwest China to develop a corrosion resistant weldable aluminum-magnesium alloy 2101 alloy with a higher yield strength and its supporting wire (SAlMg6Zr), which was successfully tested. Buoyancy ball and other products.

Innovative development:

At present, the main research in China is on the effect of adding trace elements on the corrosion performance of aluminum-magnesium alloys. For example, adding Zr alone can significantly increase the strength of AI-Mg-Mn alloy and improve the strength and plasticity of the alloy. The addition of Sc and Zr did not cause a significant decrease in the erosion resistance of the alloy, but also increased the strength. The literature points out that pitting has occurred in both A1-6Mg-Zr and AI-6Mg-Zr-Sc alloys in simulated seawater, and that the addition of Sc to the AI-6Mg-Zr-Sc alloy not only has a significant increase in mechanical properties, but also Better corrosion resistance than AI-6Mg-Zr alloy.

V. Market Prospects

At present, China has become a major consumer of aluminum and aluminum processing products. The rise and strength of China's shipbuilding industry has created opportunities and challenges for China's aluminum processing. We should seize the opportunity to strengthen the development of new technologies and strive to meet the broad market prospects. Shipbuilding and high-speed boats and other shipbuilding industries have applied to the demand and demand of aluminum materials to continuously broaden the international market space and to develop in a larger direction.