Dr. RC, Global Product Manager, Jianming Industry What is a microbial area? Sekirov defines a microbial area as a microorganism that is not damaging to the host and symbiotically propagates in the body. Freter defines the intestinal microflora: "A group of bacteria, usually a complex mixture, that settles in the gastrointestinal tract of an individual or animal host that is not affected by medical or experimental intervention or disease." Gastrointestinal functional microbiota can be divided into four categories: A balanced gut microflora provides a barrier against pathogen colonization and contributes to the overall health of the host. In addition, they produce metabolic substrates such as vitamins and short-chain fatty acids and stimulate the immune system. 1. Improve host nutrition The chicken gut microbiota produces an enzyme that is capable of depolymerizing dietary polysaccharides. These enzymes are critical for host nutrition because chickens lack genes that promote the enzymes necessary for this process. In the process of depolymerization of dietary polysaccharides, enteric bacteria produce short chain fatty acids (SCFA). Commonly produced are acetates, followed by propionates and butyrates. Butyric acid or butyric acid is the main source of energy for the colonic epithelium and has been shown to be critical for the homeostasis of colonic cells and the morphological development of the intestinal villi. Butyric acid has been shown to improve chicken growth performance and carcass quality characteristics. The gut microbiota also contributes to nitrogen metabolism. Jianming Industrial produced. Microbial metabolism of dietary proteins that escape host metabolism in the early stages of the gut provides further amino acids for egg production, maintenance and growth. The gut microbiota of poultry can also serve as a supplier of vitamins (especially B vitamins) to its host. Like bacterial proteins, most of the vitamins synthesized by enteric bacteria are excreted in the feces because they cannot be absorbed by the cecum. 2. Reduce intestinal pathogens Newly hatched chicks have no microbes in the gastrointestinal tract, but are later colonized by microbes present in the surrounding environment, ie during transport to farms and farms. This opportunity is exploited by intestinal pathogens in the environment as an opportunity to attach and destroy the intestinal mucosa and to cause infection of new pups due to the absence of a normal gut microbiota. This is one of the reasons why newly hatched chicks are very susceptible to intestinal infections such as necrotic enteritis. The chicken intestine maintains a good balance of its microbiota. Any interference with important species can result in significant proliferation of pathogenic microorganisms such as Salmonella, Campylobacter, Escherichia coli and Clostridium perfringens. Pre-establishment and maintenance of the microbiota prior to infection is important to maintain chicken bowel health. Furthermore, by occupying along the gastrointestinal tract, this symbiotic dense and complex microbial community can effectively block the attachment and subsequent colonization of most invasive intestinal pathogens. This phenomenon is called "competitive exclusion." Some commensal probiotics such as Bacillus subtilis PB6 (Cloprosin) also control pathogen growth by producing secondary antimicrobial substances called surfactants as antimicrobial compounds. 3. Improve intestinal morphology Gut microbes play an important role in intestinal development. Studies on breeders have shown that the small intestine and cecum of the breeder have reduced weight and thinner walls compared to broilers. It has been suggested that SCFA produced by the gut microbiota increases intestinal cell growth and proliferation. The gut microbiota also affects the intestinal morphology of poultry. The intestinal villi are shorter and the crypts of phage-avian birds or birds colonized with low-load bacteria are shallower than conventionally reared chickens. Probiotic species (Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bacillus subtilis and Saccharomyces cerevisiae) (produced by Jianming Industrial) and prebiotics (such as oligofructose and mannooligosaccharides) increase duodenal villus height and villus height and invisibility in chicken intestines Nest depth ratio. Pathogens can also alter intestinal morphology. 4. Improve immunity The immune function in the gut is important because it has the largest surface area in the body and is continuously exposed to pathogenic organisms and harmful substances. The gut has evolved into two distinctly intertwined tasks: nutrient absorption and pathogen defense. The intestinal immune system consists of a strong mucosal layer, closely interconnected intestinal epithelial cells, secreted soluble immunoglobulin A and antimicrobial peptides. The mucosal layer consists of an outer loose layer in which the microorganisms can colonize and an inner dense layer that repels most bacteria. Jianming Industrial produced. As a component of the innate immune system of the intestinal mucosa, the mucus layer prevents intestinal microbes from penetrating into the intestinal epithelium and acts as the first line of defense against infection. Beneficial microbial communities play a key role in maintaining normal physiological homeostasis, regulating the host immune system and affecting organ development and host metabolism. Intestinal Health Management Gut health is important to maximize the health, well-being and performance of poultry and pigs. Manipulating the gut microbiota is a strategy to prevent intestinal infections and promote host health and chicken production performance. Dietary interventions help to regulate this gut microbiome to improve feed conversion and intestinal health. The addition of probiotics (cloxo), prebiotics, short-chain fatty acids, organic acids (Lactic Acid) and essential oils (to the most) will help regulate intestinal microbiota, health and improve animal performance. These products are useful as an alternative to antibiotic growth promoters (AGPs), either alone or in combination in broilers and pigs. ——END—— Jianming WeChat public number In 1961, Jianming Industry was founded in the United States Iowa Comprehensive Nutrition Solution Provider Kitchen faucets can be divided into many types according to their function and material. According to the function, the kitchen faucet can be divided into single cold faucet, double cold water faucet and mixed faucet. The single-cooled faucet only provides cold water, suitable for use scenarios that do not require hot water. Double cold water taps provide hot and cold water, respectively supplied by two separate water pipes, so that users can adjust the water temperature according to their needs. The mixing faucet combines the hot and cold water pipes, and adjusts the water temperature and water flow intensity through a knob or pole, which is more convenient and practical. 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According to the material, the kitchen faucet can be divided into stainless steel faucet, copper faucet and plastic faucet. Stainless steel faucets are corrosion-resistant, easy to clean and durable, and are suitable for kitchen environments that are used for a long time. The copper faucet has good thermal conductivity and antibacterial properties, but also has a certain decorative, suitable for users who pay attention to the overall style of the kitchen. Plastic faucets are light and easy to install, suitable for temporary or economically demanding kitchens.
In addition, there are some special types of kitchen faucets, such as retractable faucets, filter faucets and spray faucets. The retractable faucet can be freely expanded and retractable as needed for easy cleaning and use. The filter faucet has a built-in filter element, which can filter impurities and odors in the water to provide a more pure water source. The spray faucet has a variety of spray modes, which can adjust the water flow form according to needs, such as spray, atomization, etc., to provide a more comfortable experience.
To sum up, kitchen faucets can meet the needs and preferences of different users according to their functions and materials. Choosing the right kitchen faucet can improve the convenience and decorative effect of the kitchen.