After the fruit trees enter the spring, as the temperature rises, the growth speeds up, and the amount of water needed for fertilizer needs to increase gradually. During this growth period, its shoots, long leaves, flowering, and fruit set need to absorb a large amount of various nutrients, especially nitrogen and medium trace elements, from the soil. Therefore, in the spring nutrition management of fruit trees, reasonable topdressing is essential.
First, the principle of fertilization of fruit trees
Fruit tree fertilization should adhere to the combination of base fertilizer and topdressing, re-applying base fertilizer, and supplementing the principle of topdressing: that is, applying enough base fertilizer before autumn to winter, and appropriate amount of topdressing in spring and summer to meet the demand of different nutrients in fruit trees in different periods.
Fruit tree fertilization varieties should adhere to the principle of three coordination: organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, a large number of elements and medium and trace element fertilizers to meet the needs of fruit trees for total nutrition.
Second, fruit tree spring topdressing technology
According to the fact that the fruit farmers have not carried out the autumn fertilization in most orchards due to the mistakes in understanding, this spring should adopt two measures for fertilization this spring.
1, spring topdressing. The orchard has been applied to the base fertilizer, and the spring topdressing is mainly based on nitrogen, with the target of attacking the leaves. The majority of fruit farmers must know that "the whole nutrient application of the base after the autumn, the roots of the fertilizer, and the application of nitrogen fertilizer to the leaves in the spring", it is clear that there are good roots that can grow the leaves, and the good leaves can produce more results and the scientific truth of the fruit. In the spring, the amount of topdressing is apple. For example, in a mature orchard, 1 kg of urea or 3 kg of ammonium bicarbonate is applied per tree. Before winter, there is no “Saizhong 28†multi-element fertilizer, and each tree is combined with a nitrogen-seeding fertilizer. Jin "Saizhong 28" fertilizer. The fertilization period is completed from the start of thawing to 10 to 15 days before germination.
2. Fertilization in spring. In the orchard where no base fertilizer is applied before winter, the fruit farmers should rationally fertilize according to the soil fertility status and yield index of each orchard. Generally, 1 to 2 kg of urea, 2 kg of superphosphate and 3 to 4 kg of “Saizhong 28†fertilizer are applied to each tree. Conditional farmers strive to apply organic fertilizers. Fertilization time should also be completed 10 to 15 days before the fruit tree is germinated.
Third, the fertilization method
Spring fertilization should pay special attention to the protection of the roots of the fruit trees, and try to prevent damage to the roots. Pay special attention to not damage the roots. The fertilization method is best for multi-point acupoints, with a depth of 25-30 cm. As far as possible, the fertilizer has a large area of ​​contact with the roots of the fruit trees to fully exert the fertilizer efficiency and improve the fertilizer utilization rate.
Foliar spray can also be applied. The method for preparing the "Saizhong 28" fertilizer spray fertilizer solution is: use 10 kg "Saizhong 28" fertilizer + 50 kg of water + 2 kg of vinegar, soak in a non-metallic container for three days, stir for 2 to 3 times a day, The supernatant was extracted while spraying and 50 kg of water was added. One-time fertilization can be continuously leached 5 times, and only the same water and vinegar are added at a time. The fertilizer solution can be used in combination with acidic pesticides or urea, and is usually sprayed once every 7 to 10 days.
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