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Due to its high quality and excellent reliability, the Japanese machine tool has been highly praised internationally, so it can surpass the old European industrial powers and maintain its number one position in the world for 24 years. Special vertical horizontal machining and other cutting machine tools, regardless of the quantity and quality of the world's top. However, Germany, Italy and other European countries also have advantages in grinding machine production, and Japan is leading a strong competitor in machine tool exports. In recent years, the processing of electronic products has begun to grow at a high speed, and ultra-precision, high-performance grinding machines are indispensable, especially for high-precision grinding of small products. This paper mainly looks forward to Japan's proud high-tech and high value-added grinding machine products, and focuses on the indispensable precision mold grinding technology for optical parts production. In addition, it also introduces a multi-function machining machine with a good development prospect and a grinding function at the same time. Japan's grinding machine international market position As mentioned above, Japan's machine tool production value has been the first place in 24 years, followed by Germany. After entering the 21st century, the output value of the national machine tool has grown rapidly and is now ranked third. In recent years, Italian machine tool production is also on the rise, ranking fourth. When statistics on the output value of grinding machines in the world are counted, there is no international standard for project classification methods, so it is difficult to obtain correct data. Some countries have not released relevant output value data. According to relevant data, the top three exporters of surface grinders are Germany, Japan and Italy. The country with the highest import volume is in an upward trend year by year. In terms of quantity, the country has a high level of both imports and exports (the number of exports in Taiwan is also quite large). According to the price of the export flat grinding sheet, the price of the country (700,000 yen) is lower than that of the high price of Germany (15.8 million yen) and Japan (13.6 million yen). It can be seen that from the perspective of unit price, the production area of ​​surface grinders is polarized. Japan and Germany imported a large number of grinding machines, because their machine tool manufacturers set up overseas factories in Southeast Asia and other places, and then imported from overseas factories do not produce low-cost grinding machines, resulting in an increase in the number of imports. In any case, from a global perspective, the main supply bases for high-performance surface grinders in Germany and Japan are unquestionable. Although the number of grinding machines in the country is also quite large, it is ranked as the number one importing country in terms of the amount. Although the United States imports a large number of grinding machines, the amount is relatively low. It can be seen that the United States mainly uses some low-cost grinding machines. In addition, in terms of the amount of money, the largest export destination of the US grinding machine is Germany; and in terms of quantity, it is the Taiwan area. Ultra-precision grinding (1) Example of micro-spherical lens alignment grinding The Japanese digital camera and mobile phone surveillance camera with camera function lead the world trend. Nowadays, the price of pixels has been lowered, and the ultra-precision processing of optical parts such as micro spherical lenses has been continuously improved. Prof. Suzuki, Professor of the University of the University, proposed an ultra-precision grinding method for producing micro-spherical lens cemented carbide molds. In the past, a mold could only form one lens, but now, arranging the molds makes it possible to mass-produce lenses, thereby reducing production costs. The microsphere convex lens mold processing uses a four-axis linkage ultra-precision grinding device to form a diamond grinding wheel, and realizes the creation motion through synchronous control. The workpiece is mounted on the spindle to rotate at a low speed, and the concave (or convex) diamond grinding wheel is mounted on the rotating vertical axis for grinding. First of all, when rotating at low speed, it is necessary to ensure a certain distance between the workpiece and the grinding wheel, and the grinding wheel and the workpiece should be in the same direction of rotation to achieve precise grinding of the concave (or convex) spherical shape. Then, adjust the workpiece position and repeat the above machining operation. In order to achieve high-speed, high-precision synchronous control, it is necessary to have a mechanical structure of an advanced CNC system. Toshiba Machinery produces ULG-100D ultra-precision surface grinder with linear motor feed drive VV rotary combination, which realizes 1nm step feed, solves the quadrant protrusion problem, and realizes free-form surface machining with smooth circular interpolation. In order to properly shape the diamond grinding wheel, the grinding wheel dressing technology is indispensable. Professor Suzuki used vanadium alloy bond to make the forming radius of 1500# and 3000# thermosetting resin diamond wheels reach R2.5mm. (2) Equipped with linear motor grinder The surface grinder was driven by the cylinder before feeding. Later, the cylinder drive control applied the hydraulic servo system technology, which can realize high-speed reversal in a short stroke, thus achieving rapid grinding. In recent years, the linear motor drive will replace the previous cylinder drive, improve energy efficiency, achieve high precision, and contribute to the maintenance of the work environment and the global environment. Okamoto machine production UPG310Li grinding machine is driven by linear motor, which realizes 20mm stroke and 500 times/min high-speed round-trip, which greatly shortens the grinding time of small parts such as punching machine. In addition, the grinding table is equipped with a variable sliding system to ensure high rigidity and reduce the friction coefficient, achieving high energy efficiency and high precision machining of the micro mold. Grinding and Machining (1) Grinding and Machining The milling machine has evolved from a CNC milling machine to a milling core, and the lathe has been upgraded to a turning heart through a CNC lathe. As far as grinding machines are concerned, CNC grinding machines have been put into practical use, but the grinding process has not yet been popularized, and its future development is worth looking forward to. Grinding the heart, including two systems developed from the heart of the grinding machine. In general, there are various automatic wheel changer (ATC) and automatic measuring device workpiece exchange devices. Compared with the milling turning heart, the grinding heart is difficult: 1 tool wear; 2 it is difficult to maintain the high precision of the machined parts; 3 requires high precision; 4 the chip debris is small, and it is easy to fall into the moving parts of the machine tool. The IGV-1 NT grinding machine is based on the vertical internal grinding machine. The hexagonal grinding wheel is used to realize the automatic exchange of the grinding wheel. The automatic device ensures the machining accuracy. The machine can be precision grounded on the outer circumference, inner diameter and end surface, and is suitable for grinding various gear flanges. The development of the GC620 grinding machine based on the milling heart of the Osaka machine not only retains the processing core performance advantages, but also optimizes the coolant grinding chip processing function. The use of water-soluble cutting oil is good for rust prevention of machine tools. The workbench is equipped with a grinding wheel automatic dressing device, which can timely repair the diameter and width of the grinding wheel and can be continuously ground for a long time. (2) Combined machining machine with grinding function The grinding machine is further developed, and it is a multi-functional composite machining machine. In addition to grinding, the compound machining machine can also perform cutting, laser machining, and electric discharge machining. Machine tool builders have combined various processing capabilities to develop a variety of new machine tools, which can be found everywhere at JIMTO. For example, Prof. Xianbo Zhuomi of Fukuoka Institute of Technology has developed a multi-machine tool that combines laser processing and grinding. Laser is used for roughing and grinding is used for finishing. The compound processing machine is equipped with a laser concentrating system for observing the surface optical system. In addition, the auxiliary gas oxygen concentration can be adjusted by incorporating nitrogen into the compressed air. The grinding process uses 3000# electroplated grinding wheel, while the dressing grinding wheel uses 8000# electrified dressing tool. The system can complete the smooth surface composite processing of glassy carbon workpieces below 80 nm in a short time. Makino Seiki development integrates electrical discharge machining and grinding processing. CNJ2-E composite machining machine uses electric discharge machining for energy-efficient rough machining, and then finishes the final shape machining by grinding. The grinding and machining core machining machine adopts the workpiece one-time clamping processing, so the influence of the installation error can be minimized, and the requirements of high precision, high energy efficiency and space saving can be effectively adapted, and the development prospect is very worthwhile.