Shaft parts processing technology (1)

Source: Bearing network time: 2013-07-29

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First, the function, layout characteristics and skill requirements of shaft parts. Shaft parts are one of the typical parts often encountered in machines. It is mainly used to support transmission parts; transmit torque and accept load. Shaft parts are rotating parts The length is larger than the diameter; usually consists of the outer cylindrical surface, the conical surface, the inner hole and the thread and the corresponding end surface of the concentric shaft. The shape is different according to the layout; the shaft parts can be divided into an optical axis, a stepped shaft and a hollow shaft. And crankshafts, etc.
The length to diameter ratio of the shaft is less than 5 is called the short axis; the larger than 20 is called the elongated shaft; most of the axes are between the two.
The shaft is supported by bearings; the shaft segments that cooperate with the bearings are called journals. The journals are the mounting reference for the shaft; their accuracy and appearance quality are usually high; their skill requirements are usually based on the primary function and working conditions of the shaft; usually There are the following items:
(1) Scale accuracy The journal of the supporting effect is used to determine the orientation of the shaft; usually its dimensional accuracy is high (IT5~IT7). The accuracy of the journal dimension of the mounted transmission component is usually low (IT6~IT9).
(2) Several shape accuracy The shape accuracy of the shaft parts mainly refers to the roundness, cylindricity, etc. of the journal, the outer cone, the Morse cone, etc.; the public service should normally be constrained within the scale of public service. For the surface of the table with high precision requirements; the error should be indicated on the drawing.
(3) Azimuth accuracy of each axis The azimuth accuracy requirement of the shaft parts is mainly determined by the orientation and function of the shaft in the machine. Generally, the coaxiality of the journal of the mounting gear to the bearing journal should be ensured; otherwise, the transmission will be affected. Transmission accuracy of parts (gears, etc.); and noise. Normally accurate shaft; the radial runout of the cooperative shaft to the bearing journal is usually 0. 01~0. 03mm; the high precision shaft (such as the main shaft) is usually 0. 001~0.005mm.
(4) The surface roughness of the outer diameter of the shaft is usually Ra2. 5~0. 63Î¼m; the surface roughness of the bearing shaft diameter coordinated with the bearing is Ra0. 63~0. 16Î¼m.
2. Blanks and data of shaft parts (1) The blank shaft parts of shaft parts can be based on the application requirements, production type, equipment conditions and layout; the blanks, forgings and other blanks are used. The diameter of the outer circle is not much different. Axis; usually based on bar material, and stepped shaft or important shaft with large difference in diameter of outer circle; forgings are often used; this saves data and reduces the workload of machining; it can also improve mechanical properties.

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