Sliding bearing failure reason

Source: China Bearing Network Time: 2013-05-20

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1. Data and rough manufacturing elements. 1) Grain coarseness This is a unique problem of tin-based and lead-based bearing alloy liner bushings. During the cooling and solidification process of cast bearing alloys; if the cooling rate is very slow; The scale will exceed 0. 1mm; it can be observed by the naked eye. Such intermetallic compounds are easily broken; they break away from conflicting appearance after fragmentation; they become particles entering the smooth oil circulation system; forming bearing damage.
.2) Bearings with large pores of tin-based or lead-based bearing alloy linings; when the casting temperature is too low or the backing is insufficiently preheated; the backings on the lining contact surface will present bubbles. These bubbles are suffocated on the outer surface of the bearing pads. Heat dissipation; it also weakens the tin- or lead-based bearing alloy lining. When casting a cast copper-based alloy; because the hydrogen in the copper alloy is released; it will form loose.
.3) Uneven copper and lead are not co-dissolved; therefore, the bearing bush is made of copper-lead alloy which is a copper-based bearing alloy; it can exhibit the uneven distribution of lead. After casting, the copper-lead alloy can be cooled agilely to avoid uneven distribution of lead. The use of powder metallurgy to make copper-lead alloy bearing bush; can completely solve the problem of uneven distribution of lead in copper-lead alloy.
.4) Poor connection between the lining and the backing This is the primary problem of sliding bearings for casting tin-based or lead-based bearing alloy linings. The outstanding connection enhances the tin-based and lead-based bearing alloys and contributes to the heat dissipation of the bearing surface. In order to contact outstanding; it is necessary to hang tin on the backing contact surface before casting the tin-based and lead-based bearing alloy; strictly control the temperature of the backing and bearing alloy.
When the bearing scale is agreed; use tin bath method to hang tin; the temperature of tin bath in pure tin bath should be kept at 280 ~ 300 Â° C; the temperature of tin bath in solder bath should be kept at 270 ~ 300 Â° C; immersing bearing bush in tin liquid; When the temperature reaches the temperature of the tin liquid, it can be taken out. The large bearing bush can be tinned by the tin method; firstly, the bearing pad is heated by the flame; then the pure tin or solder is applied to the outer surface of the tin to be hung.
Practice has proved that the wedge groove in the appearance of the backing cast lining not only does not help the backing and the lining; but cuts at the sharp corner of the shoulder; stress concentration will cause cracks.
2, equipment and work elements. 1) lack of smooth oil and viscosity changes in the sliding bearing, if the lack of smooth oil will form a catastrophic event. Dynamic pressure bearings; especially in many heavy equipment dynamic pressure bearings; often due to launch Lack of smooth oil and damage to the bearing; therefore, when starting the equipment; it is very important to make the smooth oil circulation to supply smoothness.
The primary strength of the hydrostatic bearing is that it can be started on the smooth oil film; therefore, when the equipment of the hydrostatic bearing is selected, it is necessary to ensure that the hydrostatic bearing system can be started first;
In the engine; especially in the light load and cold work of the engine; the fuel is often put into the smooth oil. The viscosity of the smooth oil is reduced after the fuel is mixed; the pressure is reduced to a certain critical value; the bearing will exhibit early fatigue damage; the drop is too low; There will also be catastrophic incidents.
.2) The cooperation between the bearing bush and the bearing housing hole is not suitable for the cooperation between the bearing bush and the bearing housing hole; the bearing bush can be loosened and cause fretting wear. After the loose or fretting wear; the heat transfer to the helium; the bearing surface conflict temperature is too high .
The bearing surface of the bearing bush and the bearing seat are unsanitary; there are particles and dirt; it will also cause poor conduction.
Always look at the appearance of the damaged bearing shell; can provide important information about the failure of the bearing bush; so you should not forget to look at the opposite side of the bearing bush.
.3) The support of the poor shaft is required to require at least two fulcrums; if the two sliding bearings are poorly aligned; the coaxiality error is large; the distribution of the load on the width of the bearing bush will be uneven; the marginal touch image appears; Break; attack and wear.
.4) Corrosive smooth oil is continuously oxidized during the application process; the oxidation effect products are acidic substances; they have corrosive effect on bearing data.
In addition, there are some special ways of corrosion should be paid attention to; such as: corrosion of tin-bearing bearing alloy by oxygen, corrosion of sulfur-bearing bearing material of silver and copper, corrosion of copper-lead alloy by moisture, etc.
.5) Intrusion of particles into particles is an important reason for the failure of sliding bearings; the particles invading the sliding bearings are external; there are also products from the inside of the bearing; that is, the bearing itself wears. The external particles pass through the bearing gap and enter the smooth oil. Bring in; thus; the sanitary level and sealing layout of the sliding bearing working environment is very important.
Smooth oil can have a hygienic effect; it can also bring particles into the bearing gap; the key is its filtration; so the selection, application and protection of the filter is extremely important.
Generally, the bearing material has certain cavities for embedded particles; the stacked particles exceed the bearing capacity of the bearing material; the bearing conflict will be ground, scratched and worn; the gap will increase; the appearance will become rough. According to the bearing working environment; Smooth method; filter accuracy, seal layout and bearing material matching; is a difficult problem for the sliding bearing painter.
As long as the composition of the particles embedded in the bearing pads is determined; they know their origins and establish the best way and period to eliminate them. The chemical separation skills can separate the embedded particles from the outer surface of the bearing pads. For example: bearing pads with electric lead-coated coating A mixture of acetic acid and hydrogen peroxide can be used, and the aluminum-tin alloy bearing bush can be separated by sodium hydroxide. The tin-bismuth bearing alloy can be separated by a mixture of acetic acid, hydrogen peroxide and sodium hydroxide.

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