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Due to the indiscriminate application of chemical fertilizers, the lack of organic matter in the soil and the decline of soil fertility have become important limiting factors affecting the sustainable development of agriculture and stable yield and high yield in China. At present, about 80% of the agricultural land in China is deficient in nitrogen, 50% is deficient in phosphorus, 30% is deficient in potassium, and some soil organic matter is less than 1%. The various types of organic fertilizer resources usually contain more than 60% of the organic matter, more than 2.5% of nitrogen, more than 2% of phosphorus, and also contain various trace elements, which are not only good sources of fertilizer, but also good soil improvers.
Bio-organic fertilizer refers to the use of livestock manure, straw, agricultural by-products and food processing solid waste, organic waste and municipal sludge processed by microbial fermentation, deodorization and decomposing. Has the following advantages:
(1) The organic matter content of bio-organic fertilizer is ≥35%, and the total content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is 6%, which is in line with the quality index of commercial organic fertilizer products.
(2) Bio-organic fertilizers contain a large number of beneficial microorganisms and microbial metabolites.
(3) After the raw materials of bio-organic fertilizer are fermented for 4 to 5 days, the pathogenic microorganisms, pests and weeds in the raw materials are killed in large quantities. Its hygiene standards are significantly higher than general organic fertilizers.
(4) The bio-organic fertilizer produced by microbial fermentation has no bad odor, and the heat in the fermentation process can cause the raw material to evaporate a large amount of water, so that the production cost of the bio-organic fertilizer is relatively low.
Facts have proved that the use of nitrogen fertilizer alone, due to volatilization, leaching, denitrification, runoff and other reasons, the utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer is only 30% - 50%, and cause groundwater pollution, and the use of biological organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer can be mixed The utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer is greatly improved; similarly, since inorganic phosphorus is easily applied to the soil to produce insoluble compounds, so-called phosphorus fixation, the utilization rate of phosphorus is very low, and after application of bio-organic fertilizer, organic acid can be combined with calcium and magnesium. Metal elements such as iron and aluminum form a stable complex, thereby reducing the fixation of phosphorus, facilitating the absorption of phosphorus by crops, and significantly improving the utilization of phosphorus. Moreover, the application of bio-organic fertilizer can increase crop yield, reduce fertilizer use, and reduce production costs. Especially for fruit crops and gardens, flowers and special economic crops, it has a significant effect of improving quality, increasing yield, increasing profitability and enhancing stamina. Therefore, a large number of industrialized production of bio-organic fertilizers can not only effectively utilize organic fertilizer resources, turn waste into treasure, but also manage and avoid increasingly serious environmental pollution, and more importantly, meet the sustainable development of China's agriculture and "two The need for a high-quality one. The industrial production and commercial supply of bio-organic fertilizers are of great significance and broad market prospects for achieving a virtuous circle of social, economic and ecological benefits.
Fertilizers are the food of plants. Fertilization is an essential means to ensure high yield and stable yield of crops in agricultural production. China is the world's largest producer and consumer of chemical fertilizers. The long-term application of chemical fertilizers has increased the crop yields to a certain extent and to a certain extent, but the environmental and human harms are increasing, such as soil acidification, compaction, and decreased fertility. The nitrate content of vegetables and groundwater exceeds the standard, leading to a series of serious ecological and environmental problems and human health problems such as various diseases, air pollution, and eutrophication of water bodies.
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