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Second, the proportion of wet spray concrete mixed concrete ratio of concrete in accordance with the weight of concrete per cubic meter is generally 2350kg (process requirements, the actual site of 1650kg, of which sand, stones, water 1300kg, cement 350kg). The ratio of cement, gravel and sand in concrete is 1:1.5:2.25 (weight ratio), and the water-cement ratio is 0.44 (200 kg of water per cubic meter of concrete). Aggregate screening, the maximum diameter must not exceed 8-10mm, to prevent blocking the pump.
Third, wet spray machine accessories added In order to ensure the performance of concrete also need to add in the concrete hydration control agent, water reducing agent and accelerator, role and amount:
1. Water-reducing agent: The role is to reduce the water-cement ratio (reducing the amount of water) to ensure the fluidity and pumpability of the concrete. The added amount is generally 1% of the cement weight (5 kg/1650 kg mixture on site).
2. Hydration control agent: The role is to control the premature hydration of cement (cement hardens), ensuring that the concrete is stored for a long time without becoming hard and jettability. The added amount is generally 0.3%-0.7% of the cement weight (3 kg/1650 kg mixture on site) ingredients.
3, quick-setting agent: The role is to ensure the rapid solidification of the injected concrete, thereby ensuring the initial setting time of concrete, reducing the rebound rate of concrete. The addition amount is generally 4%-6% of the cement weight (transport tank volume is 2m3, the site is added by 26kg, and the dosage of accelerator is increased at the top).
4. Addition of auxiliary materials: The water-reducing agent and the hydration control agent are added when the concrete is mixed, and the quick-setting agent is added at the nozzle of the spray gun when spraying the concrete.
Fourth, wet sneezing support technology operation skills
1. Before each wet spray, the high-pressure air should be turned on. The machine idles for several minutes, blows out the residual liquid and dirt in the machine and the pipeline, and checks whether the rotor silo is tight and the pipeline is unblocked; when the main wind is turned off, When the valve is in operation, the air pressure of the system is above 0.5 MPa.
2. Blow all the surface to be sprayed with compressed air or pressure water to blow loose impurities or dust on the surface to be sprayed; ensure that the wet spray speed is appropriate to facilitate the compaction of the crucible.
3, to maintain proper distance between the nozzle and the sprayed surface, the wet spray angle as close as possible to 90 degrees, in order to obtain the maximum pressure strength and the minimum rebound; correctly master the wet spray sequence, do not make the corners and the back of the bar appears Honeycomb or gizzard.
4. When starting or stopping the wet spray, signal to the wet spray driver. When the material flow cannot be evenly sprayed from the nozzle, the wet spray driver should also be notified to stop the work.
5, timely remove the gizzard by the spray surface or sagging squatting in order to re-wet spray; wet spray work, carefully clean the nozzle.
6. Preparation for spraying the surface When repairing the damaged structure, first remove the loose material, rinse thoroughly with pressure water, and blow away the accumulated water.
7. Operation of the Wet Sprayer The operation of the wet sprayer can affect the rebound, the compactness of the crucible and the uniformity of the flow. It is necessary to properly control the working air pressure of the wet sprayer and ensure the uniformity of the nozzle flow. The work wind pressure at the wet sprayer should be adjusted according to the appropriate wet spray speed. If the work wind pressure is too high, ie, the wet spray speed is too large, the kinetic energy is too large to increase the rebound, if the working wind pressure is too low, the pressure The strength is small, and the strength of the concrete is affected. The flow of the wet sprayer should be uniform to ensure that the quick-setting coagulant is evenly distributed in the crucible.
8. Operation of the nozzle: The distance between the nozzle and the sprayed surface: The optimal distance between the nozzle and the sprayed surface is generally 0.8 to 1 m. When the nozzle is too close to the spray surface, the compressed air will blow off the ramming mix that has just “sticked†on the sprayed surface, which will increase the rebound rate of the coarse aggregate; the wet spray angle: the spray head should be kept and sprayed. The surface is vertical. If the spray surface is covered by the grille or steel mesh, the spray head can be slightly deflected, but it should not be less than 70°. If the angle between the sprayer and the sprayed surface is too small, rolling of the crucible material on the working surface will occur, and a bumpy wave spray surface will appear, increasing the rebound rate and affecting the quality of the sneeze. In the section with the blind pipe, the blind pipe must be wet sprayed to form a water-permeable space behind the blind pipe. In wet spraying with rock mesh, the nozzle should be close to the sprayed surface and have a small angle with the vertical direction, so that the concrete behind the steel can be wetted and sprayed more securely. Good wrapping effect; in the case of wet spraying inside corners, the nozzles should be sprayed along the direction of the angle bisector at the angle between the two sprayed surfaces. After the corners have been filled with a curved surface, two more The side wall surface gradually extends, and then is sprayed at an angle of 90° to the wall surface. For the external corner, the nozzle can be vertically aligned with a sprayed surface and then sprayed on the other side of the corner box. The nozzle movement mode is that the time for the nozzle to point to a place should not be too long, because it will increase the rebound and it is difficult to obtain a uniform thickness. A good spraying method is to make the nozzle stably and systematically round or oval across the dome surface. Moving, the nozzle rhythmically makes a series of circular movements to form a uniform product and a minimum rebound. The wet ring drawn by the wet sprayer should be 40-60 cm laterally and 15-20 cm high. Wet spray should be divided into segments, subdivisions, and blocks (the length of subsection should not exceed 6m during wet spraying, and the subdivision should be first and then up and the subdivision size should be 2m×2). The nozzle should be continuously spirally circularly moved. The diameter of the spiral is about 20-30m, and after the first lap is one third of the pressure, the wet spray route should run from top to bottom and be in an "S" shape.
9, wet spray thickness: wet sneeze on the wall of a spray layer thickness of up to 10cm or more, arch layer spray thickness of up to 7cm. The main factors affecting the thickness of the spray layer are the slump of the crucible, the effect of the accelerator and the temperature. Generally, the slump of about 8 cm can obtain a thick spray layer, which can ensure that the crucible has a good effect of condensation within 2 min. The working surface temperature should be above 15°C.
10. Stratified wet spray For fresh wet spurts, the tensile strength and adhesive strength are very low. Once the wet sneeze has a significant impact on the adhesive strength of the wet sneeze, it will sag and fall off. Need to be layered wet spray, the interval between the front and back wet spray is 2 to 4 hours, a wet spray thickness does not slip with a wet sneeze, and does not fall for the degree.
11. Surface leveling The natural leveling of the wet sprayed surface is desirable both in terms of structural strength and durability. Further additional repairs are often harmful and can damage wet spurts and rebar or wet spurts and bottoms. Bonding between materials and cracks within the crucible, however, the wet sprayed surface is naturally leveled and rough, requiring a smooth surface and an aesthetically pleasing appearance. A special leveling method must be used, ie after the initial setting of the crucible (ie, 15-20 minutes after wet spraying) Use a spatula to scrape off excess material outside of the stencil or baseline, then level it with spray or screed. When spraying the last layer of enamel, the wet lances often achieve a uniform section with the help of wires and guides. Another method to control the uniform thickness is to spray a number of purlins and spray between them to a suitable thickness. These ribs must be hardened first and then filled with fresh enamel in the middle of the strip. The hardened strips are used as trowels. guide.
12. Maintenance of wet sneezing (except for internal maintenance): After wet sneezing for two hours after final coagulation, the water should be sprayed for curing, and the curing time should be no less than 28 days and nights.
V. Other matters needing attention
1. Pre-operation program of wet sprayer (1) Connect the air pipe, water, and electricity, fill the water in the cooling tank of the wet sprayer tank, run the wet sprayer dry, the equipment is normal, inform the mixing station to mix the ingredients, prepare the spray job (2) Connect all the pipes of the wet sprayer, mix 10-20L cement slurry into the pipeline before spraying, put in enough concrete material, and remove the stones on the screen in time (3) Start the program: Open the wind Source (4ba) - start the wet pump positive pump (start the switch so that the motor runs the pump) - open the accelerator switch
2. Pipe plugging treatment method (1) In the case of work, it is necessary to constantly observe the working pressure of the equipment. If the pressure of the pressure gauge reaches 130 bar, the pressure does not decrease because the pressure becomes abnormal and the accelerator should be closed in time. The sprayer transfer switch is turned up (reverse running), and the pump is turned off several times before shutting off the pump, and then the wind source is shut off. Check if the relevant parts of the reducer pipe are clogged up and found that they are blocked and clean immediately.
(2) After the pipeline is dredged, the pump operation mode is adjusted to normal operation, open air, start power supply and accelerator
3, wet spray cleaning (1) After each work, must clean all the pipeline and the pump hopper, piston cylinder.
(2) Open the bottom door of the pump hopper, clean the concrete in the bucket, close the lower door, fill the water, and fill the cleaning ball into the pipe until the cleaning ball and the cleaning water flow out. (3) Remove all pipes Flush with water until it is clean. (4) Always process an end cap with the same size as the nozzle. When the plug is in the front section, disassemble the connection elbow, open the wind source, and press the concrete in the pipeline from the front end. When the wind blows out, add water to the pipe, or use a quick-setting pump to add water, add a clean ball, open the seal, and rinse repeatedly (this method must confirm that the surrounding workers are outside the safe distance).
(5) Open the lower discharge door, rinse with water, start the anti-pump switch, flush the discharge port with water, and clean the pump S.
4. Equipment maintenance and maintenance (1) Before each startup, check whether the injector hole in the air ring sleeve is blocked, and clean the concrete residue of each small hole.
(2) The device has seven grease nipples, which need to be filled with butter before each operation.
(3) The tank of the pump cylinder must be filled with water before starting up.
(4) Observe the hydraulic oil level from time to time. Be sure to pay attention to the cooling of the hydraulic oil during operation.
Sixth, spray gun operation operation need to pay attention to matters
1. The angle between the spray gun head and the rock interface should be kept vertical (900) to achieve the minimum springback rate.
2. The distance between the spray gun mouth and the rock surface must be maintained at 1-1.5 meters, must not exceed 1.5 meters, and the best distance is 1 meter to ensure the least rebound rate.
3. The addition amount of alkali-free quick-setting agent should be controlled within the allowable range of 4-6%. Too much or too little will affect the rebound rate.
4. In order to achieve the minimum rebound rate, it is also necessary to perform dust blasting and water spraying on the rock surface to be sprayed prior to spraying so that the injected concrete and rock face can be effectively bonded.
5. For dry roadways, spray water should be properly sprayed on the concrete after spraying, and if the well is wet, the concrete can be naturally cured.
First, the principle of wet sprayer Concrete wet sprayer is cement, water and aggregate according to the design ratio of mixing evenly, with a wet spray gun pressure to the nozzle, and then add the accelerator on the nozzle and wind after the convergence of the spray Out.